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Ischemia or any sudden death suggest supraventricular tachycardia. Fulton KL, Plumb VJ. Application of a new algorithm in the differential diagnosis of wide QRS complex tachycardia. AVRT is most commonly associated with Wolff–Parkinson–White syndrome, but is also seen in permanent junctional reentrant tachycardia (PJRT). (ECG = electrocardiography; IV = intravenous; VT = ventricular tachycardia.). 1997;157(5):537–543. Breithardt G. Under certain circumstances, these extra connections can suddenly disrupt the normal electrical patterns within the heart and temporarily establish new electrical patterns that produce the arrhythmia. Intra atrial reentrant tachycardia, … Pritchett EL, Atrioventricular reciprocating tachycardia, or AVRT, a type of SVT which includes Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome (WPW). If you have SVT, your best bet is to talk to a cardiac electrophysiologist (a cardiologist who specializes in heart rhythm problems), who can review with you the pros and cons of all the treatment options available for your specific type of SVT. Desouza IS, Potential for misdiagnosis as panic disorder. Jpn Circ J. Krahn AD, et al. In those who require long-term pharmacotherapy, atrioventricular nodal blocking agents or class Ic or III antiarrhythmics can be used; however, these agents should generally be managed by a cardiologist. Plumb VJ. et al. Haqqani HM, Circulation. 16. Kastor JA. Smart Grocery Shopping When You Have Diabetes, Surprising Things You Didn't Know About Dogs and Cats, Coronavirus in Context: Interviews With Experts. 10. Diagnosis is often delayed because of the misdiagnosis of anxiety or panic disorder. The chambers, rather than pumping in a coordinated way, constantly quiver when this happens. While the range of therapeutic options is also the same, the "optimal" therapy can vary, depending on the type. 2006;29(7):769–778. Valvular heart disease causing heart failure or tachycardia, Possible atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia or ventricular tachycardia, Hyperthyroidism or thyroiditis resulting in tachycardia, Hemodynamic instability or febrile illness, Type of SVT versus ventricular tachycardia, Ischemia leading to ventricular tachycardia, All possibly induce or incite tachyarrhythmia, Congestive heart failure or cardiomyopathy, Capture aberrant rhythm, frequency, duration, A 12-lead ECG should be performed in patients who are hemodynamically stable, with special attention to rhythm and rate, atrioventricular conduction (PR interval), RP interval, hypertrophy, pathologic Q waves, prolongation of the QT interval, and any evidence of preexcitation. Adenosine for wide-complex tachycardia: efficacy and safety. Akhtar M, For information about the SORT evidence rating system, go to, AT = atrial tachycardia; AVNRT = atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia; AVRT = atrioventricular reciprocating tachycardia; bpm = beats per minute; SVT = supraventricular tachycardia, Adapted from Delacrétaz E. Clinical practice. Sellers TD, Friedman PL. Holdgate A, Adenosine versus intravenous calcium channel antagonists for the treatment of supraventricular tachycardia in adults. Tachycardiomyopathy: mechanisms and clinical implications. How did the symptoms begin (gradually or suddenly)? Wellens HJ, Supraventricular tachycardia. In the majority of cases, SVT occurs in people who are born with an extra abnormal electrical connection in the heart.. SVT may be rare and fleeting in some patients, whereas in others, it is more frequent and may cause serious symptoms such as presyncope or syncope. Benson DW Jr. Epstein AE, 1995;332(3):162–173. Smith WM, But if you have what’s called atrial tachycardia (AT), an extra area in your atria is sparking electrical impulses. If the patient is hemodynamically stable, use of the wellknown Brugada criteria (Table 7) can help distinguish between SVT with aberrancy and ventricular tachycardia, with a reported sensitivity as high as 98.7 percent and specificity as high as 96.5 percent.33 More recently, a newer simplified algorithm based on the Brugada criteria has been proposed. You can message your clinic, view lab results, schedule an appointment, and pay your bill.   The symptoms of all these types of SVT are the same. Adenosine versus intravenous calcium channel antagonists for the treatment of supraventricular tachycardia in adults. Eur Heart J. 20. Cheng J, Zipes DP, Smeets J, Background. Tachycardia means “fast heart rate.”. Age at onset and gender of patients with different types of supraventricular tachycardias. RANDALL A. COLUCCI, DO, MPH, is an assistant professor of family medicine at Ohio University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Athens.... MITCHELL J. Verapamil, a negative inotrope, can result in relative bradycardia and vasodilation; care must be used if patients have a significant decrease in cardiac output.27 Neither digoxin nor a calcium channel blocker should be used in patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome or wide complex tachycardia, because these agents may enhance conduction down the accessory pathway, predisposing the patient to ventricular fibrillation.28 If the SVT persists, addition of a beta blocker will often result in its termination.29. ACC/AHA/ESC 2006 guidelines for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and the European Society of Cardiology Committee for Practice Guidelines (writing committee to revise the 2001 guidelines for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation): developed in collaboration with the European Heart Rhythm Association and Heart Rhythm Society [published correction appears in. 39. Rao RK, Wilkinson WE. Most of the time, it doesn't cause any serious health problems even though a racing heartbeat can be a scary feeling. et al. This results in the heart beating very quickly through an abnormal and separate pathway. et al. 2006;354(10):1046. 1992;70(13):1213–1215. Sign up for the free AFP email table of contents. Focal atrial tachycardia II: management. Reimold SC, Get the iPhone MyHealth app » You might hear your doctor call it SVT . If you’ve felt a rapidly beating heart out of the blue, you might have checked into it and come across the term “supraventricular tachycardia,” or SVT. 8. The heart normally increases and decreases in speed based on signals that get sent to the SA node. Atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia (AVRT), or atrioventricular reciprocating tachycardia, is a type of abnormal fast heart rhythm and is classified as a type of supraventricular tachycardia (SVT). Morphologic criteria for VT* present in precordial leads V1 to V2 and V6, Supraventricular tachycardia with aberrant conduction is diagnosis made by exclusion. The electrical signal comes from this place and continues to spread throughout the upper heart chambers. It’s always important to let your doctor know if you’re presenting with symptoms because someone who isn’t a trained professional can’t accurately diagnose what is going on. 2004;1(4):393–396. Am J Cardiol. Pines JM. Vidaillet H Jr, Hlatky MA, Dailey SM, Kistler PM, For instance, many people who have only very occasional and time-limited episodes of SVT opt for no specific treatment at all; they simply deal with their episodes as they occur. Nursing. That’s where SVT might come in. 2010 Oct 15;82(8):942-952. Ohara T, A = consistent, good-quality patient-oriented evidence; B = inconsistent or limited-quality patient-oriented evidence; C = consensus, disease-oriented evidence, usual practice, expert opinion, or case series. Revised July 2019. Alboni P, Ann Intern Med. A recent retrospective study showed that intravenous adenosine used in 197 patients with undifferentiated wide complex tachycardia was safe and effective for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. All rights Reserved. At what age did the symptoms begin (time of onset)? Supraventricular tachycardia. Tomasi C, Most types of SVT have narrow QRS complexes. Like AVNRT above, this happens when cells in your heart are sending electrical impulses in an extra circle. Reimold SC, Although the use of this technique has been accepted in hospitalized settings, it has not been studied in the prehospital setting to determine its effectiveness.20 Vagal maneuvers are an effective first-line treatment option for SVT in younger patients who are hemodynamically stable; they can also be diagnostic for nodal-dependent SVT.2,21 Carotid massage can be used as a diagnostic and therapeutic tool; however, it should not be used in persons who may have atherosclerotic plaque that could be dislodged as a result of such a technique (i.e., history of carotid artery disease or carotid bruit).21. Symptoms may include palpitations, feeling faint, sweating, shortness of breath, or chest pain. While the range of therapeutic options is also the same, the "optimal" therapy can vary, depending on the type. All rights reserved. If the signals travel along the way they should, your heart beats at its normal rate. 11. SVT rhythms are listed below; Re-entrant and reciprocating; (The two most common types of SVT with very long names! Table 2 lists symptoms associated with SVT. Table 4 lists items to include in a focused examination and diagnostic workup. Pritchett EL, Morton JB, If the patient is hemodynamically stable, the QRS complex can provide information in decision making. RS complex absent from all precordial leads, 2. Skanes AC, Klein LS, ACC/AHA/ESC guidelines for the management of patients with supraventricular arrhythmias— executive summary. Katoh T, Long-term outcomes on quality-of-life and health care costs in patients with supraventricular tachycardia (radiofrequency catheter ablation versus medical therapy). Budde T, 34. Porter MJ, Wolfram S, If you have this condition, your heart beats too quickly -- more than 100 times a minute. Mitrani RD, Generally, these agents should be managed by a cardiologist. Supraventricular Tachycardia - What Are the Types of Supraventricular Tachycardia? N Engl J Med. Typically, SVT occurs in discrete episodes, which most often begins very suddenly and stop equally suddenly. Clinical series of radiofrequency catheter ablation of accessory pathways have been published with excellent overall results.38 Experienced electrophysiology laboratories routinely achieve success rates of 95 percent in the ablation of accessory pathways, with recurrence rates of less than 5 percent.39 With improved knowledge of atrioventricular nodal anatomy and the advent of cryotherapy ablation, the current rate of symptomatic heart block is 0.5 to 1 percent.40, Because of its curative results and low percentages of severe adverse effects, and because the field is evolving so rapidly, there are few studies directly comparing catheter ablation with drug therapy in patients with SVT (with the exception of atrial fibrillation). Denman R, To time all of this just right, your heart has what’s sometimes called a “natural pacemaker,” a cluster of cells that sends little electrical impulses to each chamber. It’s possible for people to have episodes of both fibrillation and flutter. Saunders; 2007. Has the patient had any cardiac procedures? SVT can cause the heart to beat very rapidly or erratically. Menozzi C, 1989;32(1):73–97. Copyright © 2020 American Academy of Family Physicians. Ablative therapy of SVT is based on the observation that most arrhythmias arise from a focal origin critically dependent on conduction through a defined anatomic structure. Texas Heart Institute: “Heart Anatomy.”, Medscape: “Conduction System of the Heart,” “Atrioventricular Nodal Reentry Tachycardia” and “Multifocal Atrial Tachycardia Overview of Multifocal Atrial Tachycardia.”. AVRT causes about 30% of all SVTs. P-wave morphology in focal atrial tachycardia: development of an algorithm to predict the anatomic site of origin. Circulation. Ko JK, Supraventricular tachycardia does not describe one particular rhythm. Orejarena LA, Because of shorter procedure duration, lessened fluoroscopic exposure, and increased knowledge in this area of cardiology, catheter ablation is becoming the first-line treatment option for all patients with SVT, not just those with symptomatic arrhythmias refractory to suppressive drug therapy or those who prefer a drug-free lifestyle. Want to use this article elsewhere? But with this kind of tachycardia, the signal loops back to the AV node after it’s traveled through the ventricles instead of moving along as it should. Smith G, This material may not otherwise be downloaded, copied, printed, stored, transmitted or reproduced in any medium, whether now known or later invented, except as authorized in writing by the AAFP. 2009;37(9):2512–2518. American Heart Association: "Other Heart Rhythm Disorders," "Tachycardia -- Fast Heart Rate. Berne RM. Krahn AD, Blanski L, Atrial tachycardia happens when a single short circuit in the right or left atrium triggers a faulty electrical signal. The electrical signal comes from this place and continues to spread throughout the upper heart chambers. Krahn AD, The adenosine for PSVT study group [published correction appears in Ann Intern Med. The overall termination rate was about 90 percent for both agents.30 If SVT is not terminated and the patient is hemodynamically stable, flecainide (Tambocor) or propafenone (Rythmol) may be used to terminate the SVT.31,32 These agents are almost always administered by a cardiologist. 1993;88(1):282–295. The result may result in a heart rate above 100 beats per minute. Vagal maneuvers are an effective first-line treatment option for SVT in younger patients who are hemodynamically stable; they can also be diagnostic for nodal-dependent SVT. That can cause: One treatment for SVT uses medicine to slow the heartbeat. Mitrani RD, Kumar UN, Supraventricular tachycardia. It often starts when you are in your teens or early 20s. A = consistent, good-quality patient-oriented evidence; B = inconsistent or limited-quality patient-oriented evidence; C = consensus, disease-oriented evidence, usual practice, expert opinion, or case series. As a Stanford Health Care patient, you may have access to the latest, advanced clinical trials. Intracardiac CrYoablation for AtrioVentricular Nodal Reentrant Tachycardia. Am Fam Physician. Assessment in placebo-controlled, multicenter trials. ACC/AHA/ESC guidelines for the management of patients with supraventricular arrhythmias— executive summary. et al. Dhala A. In some people, however, a single dose of an antiarrhythmic drug, taken at the onset of SVT, can help terminate the episode more quickly. 40. AFib and Pregnancy: What You Need to Know. Comparison of the efficacy and safety of esmolol, a short-acting beta blocker, with placebo in the treatment of supraventricular tachyarrhythmias. 1984;54(8):1138–1139. Tischenko A, Atrial flutter is similar to fibrillation, but your heartbeats are often regular instead of chaotic. Kusumoto FM. Short-term or urgent management of SVT can be separated into pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic strategies. In patients with a history of (or suspected) coronary artery disease or myocardial infarction, wide complex tachyarrhythmias must be considered to be of ventricular origin until proven otherwise and treated as such (see the treatment section). et al. And also "automaticity driven", which are self generated by electrical stimulation. Duray G, Vereckei A, 1991;83(5):1649–1659. Any combination of these symptoms suggests supraventricular tachycardia, especially in patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, Supraventricular tachycardia starts and stops quickly (within seconds). Fuster V, Antiarrhythmic drugs can also be used to attempt to prevent SVT. But since these drugs are often only partially effective, and many of them have the potential to cause significant adverse effects, most doctors are reluctant to prescribe chronic antiarrhythmic drug therapy to treat SVT, which again is a benign arrhythmia that may occur only infrequently. Closed trials are not currently enrolling, but may open in the future. A new approach to the differential diagnosis of a regular tachycardia with a wide QRS complex. 2002;89(9):1120–1123. et al. Am J Cardiol. A report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and the European Society of Cardiology Committee for Practice Guidelines (writing committee to develop guidelines for the management of patients with supraventricular arrhythmias) developed in collaboration with NASPE-Heart Rhythm Society. Mayo Clin Proc. Ohara T,      Print. 29. et al. 24. It’s at the top of the heart and sends out electrical signals that keep it beating the right way. 6. Tachycardia is a faster than normal heart rate at rest. Episodic SVT may be misdiagnosed as anxiety or panic disorder,17 especially in patients with a psychiatric history, prolonging definitive diagnosis and treatment. Sra J, ACC/AHA/ESC 2006 guidelines for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and the European Society of Cardiology Committee for Practice Guidelines (writing committee to revise the 2001 guidelines for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation): developed in collaboration with the European Heart Rhythm Association and Heart Rhythm Society [published correction appears in Circulation. Next: Radiologic Evaluation of Chronic Neck Pain, Home This condition is divided into three types: Atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia is the most common form. Denman R, Fenelon G, 8(October 15, 2010) Role of radiofrequency ablation in the management of supraventricular arrhythmias: experience in 760 consecutive patients. Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia in the general population. Long-term outcomes on quality-of-life and health care costs in patients with supraventricular tachycardia (radiofrequency catheter ablation versus medical therapy). What Are the Symptoms and Treatment of Atrial Flutter? Use of the Valsalva manoeuvre in the prehospital setting: a review of the literature. 2015;92(9):793-800. 2015 ACC/AHA/HRS Guideline for the Management of Adult Patients With Supraventricular Tachycardia: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines and the Heart Rhythm Society. Sometimes, a problem with your heart's electrical signals can make it speed up, even when you're not anxious or exercising. Short- and long-term therapies are discussed in the text. Brugada P. Address correspondence to Randall A. Colucci, DO, MPH, Ohio University College of Medicine, 255 Grosvenor Hall, Athens, OH 45701 (e-mail: colucci@ohio.edu). Miles W, Miles WM. How Well Are You Living With Atrial Fibrillation? Vereckei A, Comparison of the efficacy and safety of esmolol, a short-acting beta blocker, with placebo in the treatment of supraventricular tachyarrhythmias. Belardinelli L, Heart Rhythm. 1988;62(6):10D–15D. / Vol. DiMarco JP, Scheinman MM, Fulton KL, Sometimes you might have a drop in blood pressure and feel dizzy or lightheaded. WebMD does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Reduce maximum velocity (rate of rise of action potential upstroke [phase 0]), Kinetics of onset and offset in blocking the sodium channel are of intermediate rapidity (less than five seconds), Examples include quinidine, procainamide, disopyramide (Norpace), Kinetics of onset and offset in blocking the sodium channel are rapid (less than 500 msec), Examples include mexiletine, phenytoin (Dilantin), lidocaine (Xylocaine), Kinetics of onset and offset in blocking the sodium channel are slow (10 to 20 seconds), Examples include flecainide (Tambocor), propafenone (Rythmol), Examples include propranolol (Inderal), timolol, metoprolol, Predominantly block potassium channels (e.g., inward rectifier potassium channels), Examples include sotalol (Betapace), amiodarone (Cordarone), Predominantly block the slow calcium channel (e.g., L-type calcium channel), Examples include verapamil, diltiazem, nifedipine (Procardia), felodipine (blocks T-type calcium channel), Examples include adenosine (Adenocard), digoxin, magnesium sulfate. Although atrial fibrillation and flutter are classified as types of SVT, they will not be discussed in this article and are reviewed elsewhere.1,2  Table 1 lists the common types of SVT and usual characteristics.3–6 Figure 1 depicts AVNRT, AVRT, AT, and normal sinus rhythm. Katoh T, Several different types of SVT exist, and because of their grouping, they often have similar causes, symptoms, and even treatments. Normally, each signal your SA node sends out stops once it travels through all the chambers and causes a single heartbeat. Then the signal moves down and causes the muscles of the ventricles to squeeze. Mechanisms of supraventricular tachycardia. 27. This node must start a new electrical pulse to get the next heartbeat going. Mont L, What different kinds of supraventricular tachycardia are there? Don't miss a single issue. Reprints are not available from the authors. Chauhan VS, Bashore TM, The third form of supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) called atrial tachycardia is like a flashing light occurring from a place within the upper chambers. Algorithm of the long-term management of supraventricular tachycardia (SVT). High frequency alternating current ablation of an accessory pathway in humans. That is what causes the extra beats. Dailey SM, This means there are many options for chronic therapy. Supraventricular tachycardia. Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT) in Heart Disease, Ⓒ 2020 About, Inc. (Dotdash) — All rights reserved. Get the Android MyHealth app ». 2001;37(2):548–553. Benson DW Jr. You might hear your doctor call it SVT. Treatment options. Merck Manual Consumer Version. Klein LS, Adenosine for paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia: dose ranging and comparison with verapamil. Kalman JM. It has four pumping chambers to do the job. Klein GJ, J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. But before you get into all the types of SVT, you first need to know what happens when your heart pumps the right way. It is important to keep in mind that SVT is only rarely dangerous (but "merely" symptom-producing). Page RL, Joglar JA, Caldwell MA, et al. This example represents atrioventricular reciprocating tachycardia, which has a high cure rate with catheter ablation therapy. Your heart has four chambers: the left and right atria, on the top, and left and right ventricles, on the bottom. RANDALL A. COLUCCI, DO, MPH, Ohio University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Athens, Ohio, MITCHELL J. 1996;19(1):95–106. A second cell clump, the atrioventricular (AV) node, helps move that message. Kistler PM, Colucci, R. American Family Physician, Oct. 15, 2010. One type of faster-than-normal heartbeat is called supraventricular tachycardia. 1990;322(24):1713–1717. et al. Szénási G, 3. The primary treatment goal for any SVT is its cessation, especially in patients who are at risk hemodynamically and cannot tolerate prolonged tachyarrhythmias. Yasmine Ali, MD, is board-certified in cardiology. 36. COVID-19 Updates:      What We're Doing to Keep You Safe »      COVID-19 Resources »       Updated Visitor Policy ». Hayes DD. Adlington H, Further clinical investigations and their possible significance to SVT should be pursued (Table 4). American Heart Association. Morgans A, Winniford MD, ; Different types of SVT arise from or are propagated by the atria or AV node, typically producing a narrow-complex tachycardia (unless aberrant conduction is present). Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT), Atrioventricular Node Re-Entrant Tachycardia (AVNRT), View All Information for Patients & Visitors », Atrioventricular Node Re-Entrant Tachycardia (AVNRT), Atrioventricular Reciprocating Tachycardia (AVRT). Its formal name is the sinoatrial node. Most of the time, it doesn't cause any serious health problems, though it’s natural that a really fast heartbeat would concern you. Rodriguez LM, Access your health information from any device with MyHealth. Braunwald's Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine, DiMarco JP, Atrioventricular nodal reentry. Our guide will show you what puts you at risk, and how to take control of your heart health. Kim EM, If you have this type, the cells near your AV node don’t send electrical impulses through your heart correctly. Adenosine should not be used in persons with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome and atrial fibrillation because this rhythm can degenerate into ventricular fibrillation.24 There is poor evidence that medical therapy reduces sudden death in patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome; therefore, expedient referral for ablation is recommended in those patients who are symptomatic.2,25 Because AT is an atrioventricular nodal-independent SVT, atrioventricular nodal blocking agents, such as verapamil or adenosine, are mostly ineffective in its termination.26, Verapamil is a calcium channel blocker that may be used in patients with SVT that recurs after adenosine therapy. If your SVT does not stop within 15 to 30 minutes, or if your symptoms are severe, you should go to the emergency room. Radiofrequency ablation for atrioventricular node reentrant tachycardia: comparison between fast (anterior) and slow (posterior) pathway ablation. Long-term therapy of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia: a randomized, double-blind comparison of digoxin, propranolol and verapamil. This condition is serious. The left and right atria are at the top, and the left and right ventricles are on the bottom. The term has Latin roots. Kumar UN, Most of the time, SVT happens without any obvious reason. A new approach to the differential diagnosis of a regular tachycardia with a wide QRS complex. (C) Atrial tachycardia typically produces variable RP and PR intervals because atrioventricular conduction depends on atrioventricular nodal properties and the tachycardia rate. Marill KA, Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. Adlington H, 41. In atrial tachycardia, the morphology and axis of the P wave are influenced by atrial site of origin and tachycardia mechanism. Wolfram S, The Esmolol vs Placebo Multicenter Study Group. Cannom DS, 7. If that doesn't fix the problem for you, another option is called ablation. Be sure to make an appointment with your doctor if you’ve felt your heart racing when you haven’t been exercising or feeling anxious. 23. And also "automaticity driven", which are self generated by electrical stimulation. Arch Intern Med. Clinical practice. Epstein AE, Am J Cardiol. Propafenone for the treatment of supraventricular tachycardia and atrial fibrillation: a meta-analysis. However, observational studies have reported that patients undergoing radiofrequency ablation for SVT have better overall quality-of-life outcomes and lower costs attributed to therapy compared with medical treatment.41,42. For information about the SORT evidence rating system, go to https://www.aafp.org/afpsort.xml. A more recent article on supraventricular tachycardia is available. This example represents atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia, which is also depicted in Figure 1A. Catheter ablation therapy for supraventricular arrhythmias. Ganz LI, Sinus tachycardia starts and stops gradually. Non-invasive diagnosis of concealed Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome by detection of concealed anterograde pre-excitation. In the large majority of cases, SVT can be cured once and for all by an ablation procedure. Most SVTs are caused by extra electrical pathways, and usually, those extra pathways can be accurately localized by electrical mapping during an electrophysiology study and then ablated. Tischenko A, The most common types of supraventricular tachycardia are caused by a reentry phenomenon producing accelerated heart rates.

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