Death sentences are imposed for a wide range of offences. North Korea . Qesas executions are a minority of executions in Iran, consisting of 20–30% (although those executed for other crimes may have committed murder previously). Death penalty in Iran. Our plan for future is an Iran without the death penalty and devoid of torture. Political opponents continued to be shot by Revolutionary Courts, but on a lesser scale. Usually they fall unconscious within seconds. Death penalty in Iran March 2019 3 “Corruption on earth” & rebellion 11. Public executions were restricted between the 1920s and 1950s for the most part, but became common after the Islamic Revolution, usually carried out from mobile cranes. All people convicted of sodomy spend one year in prison in addition, and can be sentenced to more prison time at the judge's discretion. [53][54][55] According to Shappi Khorsandi, in stoning executions in Iran, most victims are dead within two hours of the first stone throw. This would focus on whether the juvenile offender is found to have not understood the nature of the crime or its consequences, or if there are doubts about their mental maturity. The U.S. State Department believed he had been tortured into giving a false confession. In 2011, two policemen were hanged in Tehran for beating to death three protesters in the Kahrizak Detention Center during the 2009 election protests. [33][34][35] This has been ascribed to the difference in definition of a "minor" between non-Muslim and (some) Muslim countries. )[52] A gruesome touch to the punishment is that Shariah explicitly states that stones used must be small enough to not kill instantly. [27] Iran’s @khamenei_ir must quash the death sentences of protesters—Amirhossein Moradi, Saeed Tamjidi & Mohammad Rajabi—immediately! Death Penalty and Inhumane Treatment. According to the official tables, the family of a female victim receives half the amount of diyya due to the family of a man (though the amount is equal in accidental death cases);[16] however, in practice, diyyeh is negotiated, and usually the amount is equal, especially in recent years. They were executed by hanging for most part, but a few were executed by firing squad. MENA was also the only region known to have carried out the execution of women in 2020 putting to death a total of 16: Egypt (4), Iran … In 1988, after an invasion by the Mujahideen-e-Khalq organization (see Operation Mersad), the government secretly executed 2,000–4,000 political prisoners, many former members or sympathizers of the Mujahedeen group, former communists, and other dissidents. The perpetrator may be convicted for murder in the case of a confession, if there are two witnesses to the crime, if there are 50 sworn testimonies, and/or if one or more people testifies 50 times against the defendant. In most cases (about 90%), executions are carried out in a provincial prison in the province where the crime took place. Ancient commentary on this passage suggests that those engaging in sodomy could be killed without permission from a We have placed cookies on your device to help make this website better. [citation needed], Famous hangings in Iran include Sheikh Fazlollah Nouri in 1908, and serial killer Mohammed Bijeh, the "Desert Vampire", who raped and murdered 17 boys, in 2005. In 1980, Jahangir Razmi won the Pulitzer Prize for his famous photo "Firing Squad in Iran", which showed seven Kurds and two Shah's policemen being executed minutes after being convicted for "terrorism and crimes against God" by Khalkhali in the airport in Sanandaj, during a revolt by Kurdish armed groups. It is estimated that about 5–10% of executions are carried out in public, usually around 6 am local time. 2005 : 94[5] 7. Girls and women can be sentenced to hanging either in private or in public, or to stoning to death. "The death penalty is a cruel, inhuman and degrading punishment and Amnesty International considers its use horrendous in all circumstances. — Latest Annual Report on the Death Penalty in Iran, Iran Human Rights. Death penalty upheld for Iran journalist defector who turned from establishment Ruhollah Zam, a former opposition figure who had lived in exile in France and had been implicated in anti-government protests, speaks during his trial at Iran's Revolutionary Court in Tehran on June 2, 2020. Tazir and deterrent crimes are often comparable to a misdemeanor, though not in cases where the crime is deemed to be equal to a moharebeh/mofsed-fel-arz crime (see above). An accessible version of the Death Penalty Worldwide Database will be available from … Converts to Christianity from Islam, according the Iran's Islamic law, can face the death penalty. Iran . Once a certain cumulative amount above is reached, the person is sentenced to the death penalty or life imprisonment. asserted that they were hanged for being homosexuals; other groups, in light of evidence that the teenagers were convicted of rape, emphasized that the executions were a violation of the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (Iran is a signatory to both), which prohibit the execution of minors. Zanjani, as well known, is an Iranian businessman who worked with IRGC and Ahmadinejad to violate the sanctions and to facilitate oil revenue hindered. Diaku Rasoulzadeh and Saber Sheikh Abdollah had been convicted and sentenced to death in 2015 solely … [63][64], As of 19 November 2019, the International Federation for Human Rights issued a statement that "stoning for adultery" was still "stipulated in law" in Iran; that "several persons are still on death-row" with a sentence of stoning, and that "in 2018, two women were sentenced to stoning". An overview of published reports on the death penalty in the last 10 years in Iran shows an increasing trend towards executions. Iran sentences ‘Mossad agent’ to death over scientist killings — Reuters. His comments came after Maas was … He personally sentenced 800–2,000 people to death. Minors who commit murder when aged 15–18 can still receive the death penalty in rare cases if the judge is confident that the perpetrator had reached full adult mental development at the time of the crime and that it was committed intentionally with a well thought-out plan. These courts can issue death sentences. At dawn, on 27 July 2007, 29 men were hanged in Evin Prison on various charges of murder and drug trafficking. [28][36][37] Since 1995, Iran's Supreme Court has commuted non-murder death sentences to 2–8 years in prison. October 10, the World Day against the Death Penalty, reminds us of the thousands of death row prisoners lingering in jails in Iran. “Iran’s human rights record is abysmal, and the soon-to-be codified call for the death penalty for apostasy underlines the danger that the intolerance of the Iranian regime poses to its own people,” Gaer of USCIRF said. 2002 : 316 4. In addition, people who act against the Islamic Republic or are convicted of terrorism can be sentenced to death for moharebeh/mofsed-fel-arz. Death sentences in Iran are, in theory, legal for a variety of crimes, such as armed robbery, treason, espionage, murder, certain military offenses, drug trafficking, rape, pedophilia, sodomy, sexual misconduct, incestuous relations, fornication, homosexuality, prostitution, plotting to overthrow the Islamic regime, political dissidence, sabotage, apostasy, blasphemy, adultery, producing and publishing pornography, burglary, recidivist consumption of alcohol, recidivist theft, rebellion, some economic crimes, kidnapping, t… Privacy Policy Advocacy by the @Cornell Center on the Death Penalty Worldwide (@DeathPenaltyWW) and the International Human Rights Clinic at @CornellLaw helped lay the groundwork for a recent Malawi Supreme Court ruling abolishing capital punishment there. Iran death penalty charges in economic crisis ‘breach international law’: Amnesty Iran’s application of the death penalty to individuals arrested during the country’s economic crisis would be in “direct breach of international law,” the world’s leading human-rights organization has said. [72], On 2 August 2007, Maijid and Hossein Kavousifar were hanged in downtown Tehran for murdering a judge, as well as shooting and killing two innocent bystanders during an earlier bank robbery. They were shot after a televised trial in Tehran. [20] A justice minister also supported the proposal.[21]. Sodomy rape (lavat-be-onf) is punishable by death for the rapist. Public executions are usually carried out by a mobile crane. Their trial … In the years after the Islamic Revolution of 1979, thousands of people were sentenced to be shot for political offenses, drug trafficking, and crimes against the Islamic Republic by the newly established Revolutionary Courts. Otherwise, we'll assume you're OK to continue. Extreme methods of punishment in Iran other than the death penalty include amputation, blinding, and flogging. Being convicted for the third time makes them liable for the death penalty. There were also criticisms of confessions obtained through torture. The first year after the revolution bore witness to In 1982, a purge of the communists in Iran (such as the Tudeh Party) resulted in executions of the party's leaders and some members on charges of spying for the Soviet Union. If a murderer was working under someone else's orders, and can prove it, they may receive a tazir punishment such as imprisonment, fines, and/or whipping, but sometimes even death. Executions are carried out at 4 am local time, just before the call for morning salat (prayer). According to his family, Nasiri had been on hunger strike, but he was denied medical attention before he died. Due to harsh crackdowns on civil society, non-existing freedom of press and lack of transparency of the Iranian judicial system, the present report by no means covers all death penalty cases in Iran. [65], Iran is accused of using this form of execution for homosexuality. In the case of a murder, the victim's next of kin is allowed to pull the stool out from under the condemned. In 2002, the "Black Vultures", the nickname of a group of five men who assaulted and gang raped dozens of women in northern Tehran, were hanged in public from cranes, two in the main bus terminal and three in the main square of Lavizan district. [45], At Berlin International Film Festival, on 29 February 2020 Iranian film about executions (There Is No Evil) won top prize.[46]. People who murder in self-defense can usually be released after paying blood money to the victim's family, and the courts would usually help to facilitate that. Iran continues to be one of the leading implementers of the death penalty. Criminal courts of first instance try serious crimes, hadd crimes, and qesas crimes, such as murder, rape, and theft. The murder was recorded on a mobile phone. However, despite this, as well as the widespread appeals both in Iran and internationally, the Iranian authorities continue to execute juvenile offenders. A woman can also receive diyya for injuries sustained. You can use this tool to change your cookie settings. Hadud crimes must be proven by confession, two witnesses (four witnesses in the case of adultery), or in rare cases, by "judge's knowledge" (where, based on available evidence, the defendant's guilt is extremely obvious). Common criminals were executed mostly by hanging in this period. Iran Researcher . Iranian officials cite that they are "fighting a large-scale drug war along its eastern borders, and the increase of drug lords and dealers causes a rise in executions." In most cases, lesser penalties are given. Iran has long argued that the death penalty is essential in maintaining public security. As regards death in custody, it remains a very serious cause for concern in the Islamic Republic of Iran. Well-publicised and best documented cases in recent years notably include the follow- ing: Zahra (Ziba) Kazemi, the Iranian-Canadian photojournalist, who was killed as a result of a blow to her skull on 11 July 20035. In serious cases, the criminal is publicly executed at the spot the crime was committed. 2001 : 75 3. [51] [2] Crimes punishable by death include murder; rape; child molestation; pedophilia; drug trafficking; armed robbery; kidnapping; terrorism; burglary; incestuous relations; fornication; prohibited sexual relations; sodomy; homosexuality; sexual misconduct; prostitution;[3][4] plotting to overthrow the Islamic regime; political dissidence; sabotage; arson; rebellion; apostasy; adultery; blasphemy; extortion; counterfeiting; smuggling; speculating; disrupting production; recidivist consumption of alcohol; producing or preparing food, drink, cosmetics, or sanitary items that lead to death when consumed or used; producing and publishing pornography; using pornographic materials to solicit sex; recidivist false accusation of capital sexual offenses causing execution of an innocent person; recidivist theft; certain military offenses (e. g., cowardice, assisting the enemy); "waging war against God"; "spreading corruption on Earth"; espionage; and treason. However, in practice, judges also allow circumstantial evidence. The victim's family has the option to forgive the criminal by accepting diyya (a financial settlement to compensate for the family's loss) rather than allowing the perpetrator to be executed. ANNUAL REPORT ON THE DEATH PENALTY IN IRAN 2020 In 2020, the year of the extraordinary and overwhelming worldwide COVID-19 pandemic, most countries have been fighting to save lives. [47] Iranian nooses are thick, with 7–10 knotted coils, and are often made of blue plastic rope with little to no drop. @sepehrifar. The Tehran Forensic Medicine Department rejected those claims without providing explanations for the causes of death. The death penalty in Iran rose sharply after the 1979 revolution. The struggle for regime change, however, is not considered a crime under Islam or the international law. In non-murder executions, sometimes, the prisoner's family is informed after the fact. 75* Egypt . Hudud crimes are a class of crime laid down in the Quran and considered to be comparable to felonies. Drug crimes, smuggling, and crimes against the stability of the country are tried in the Revolutionary Court system, a special court that handles such cases relating to national security. Iran rejects review of academic’s death sentence — Arutz Sheva. Saudi Arabia . If the condemned struggles after being released, the prison guards will typically pull down on the rope to speed up the death. 4. In 2012, 5 Ahwazi Arabs were hanged in retaliation for the alleged death of a policeman during riots a year before. If gambling is added to crimes deemed as “corruption on Earth”, repeat offenses may result in a death penalty in the Islamic Republic; Recently, details of some 70,000 active online betting users were forwarded to the country’s Judiciary ; Online betting and gambling activities may be punishable by death in Iran if a newly proposed bill is accepted.
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